A Flipo Flip toy can roll for multiple turns even though its shape is not circular. Investigate how its motion depends on parameters such as geometry and the initial release conditions.

Background reading from IYPT reference kit

*This Square Can Roll Like a Ball (youtube, The Action Lab, 30.08.2020), https://youtu.be/eZM0WtB3UX8 Steinmetz Solid: The Bicylinder (youtube, Lavell Robinson, 21.10.2019), https://youtu.be/3_JYAIG4vK0 Incredible Rolling Objects which aren't Spheres! (youtube, Maker's Muse, 26.08.2018),https://youtu.be/fRqwYsfiME8 Wikipedia: Steinmetz solid, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinmetz_solid Wikipedia: Gömböc, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gömböc A. Rosen. Modified Lagrange method to analyze problems of sliding and rolling. J. Appl. Mech. 4, 67, 697-704 (2000), https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1328088 D. Ma, C. Liu, Z. Zhao, and H. Zhang. Rolling friction and energy dissipation in a spinning disc. Proc. R. Soc. A. 2169, 470, 20140191 (2014), https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0191 D. Baraff. Coping with friction for non-penetrating rigid body simulation. SIGGRAPH Comput. Graph. 4, 25, 31-41 (1991), https://doi.org/10.1145/127719.122722 Master the motion to send flipoflip® into a dance (flipoflip.com), https://web.archive.org/web/20230401094912/https://flipoflip.com/pages/instructions Get creative and explore new tricks (flipoflip.com), https://web.archive.org/web/20230401102559/https://flipoflip.com/pages/tricks

M. Muhammed Arif. The polygon model of rolling friction. Int. J. Emerg. Eng. Res. Techn. 2, 6, 158-162 (2014), https://web.archive.org/web/20200719041900/http://www.ijeert.org/pdf/v2-i6/21.pdf Non-Round Rollers (exploratorium.edu), https://www.exploratorium.edu/snacks/non-round-rollers The Bicylinder: Steinmetz Solid With a 2 Way Restricted Rolling Path. (adenda2, instructables .com),https://www.instructables.com/The-Bicylinder-Steinmetz-Solid-With-a-2-Way-Restri/

TYPT Supplementary References

basic

Amin Rezaeezadeh; Motion of a hexagonal pencil on an inclined plane. Am. J. Phys. 1 May 2009; 77 (5): 401-406. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.3098257

Eckert, Sidney & Ingalls, Phillip & West, J.. (2020). Rolling Polygons with Granular Material down an Incline. 10.48550/arXiv.2005.01545. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341148751_Rolling_Polygons_with_Granular_Material_down_an_Incline

advanced

Beunder, E. M., and Rem, P. C. (March 27, 2003). "The Motion of a Rolling Polygon ." ASME. J. Appl. Mech. March 2003; 70(2): 275–280. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1481893

Rosen, A. (March 12, 2000). "Modified Lagrange Method to Analyze Problems of Sliding and Rolling ." ASME. J. Appl. Mech. December 2000; 67(4): 697–704.  https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1328088